Guides
Copy and share text between devices
Step-by-step guides for everyday jobs: getting text from a phone to a PC, sharing a Wi-Fi password, moving notes for school, passing code to a teammate, and doing all of it safely on devices that are not yours.
How to copy text between an iPhone and a Windows PC Apple's Universal Clipboard does not work with Windows. Here is how to copy text from an iPhone to a Windows PC and back, with and without installing anything. How to send text from your phone to a PC Five ways to move text from your phone to your computer, from an online clipboard with a 6-digit code to messaging yourself. Steps, trade-offs and when to use each.
How to copy text to a public computer safely Need to move text onto a library, school or internet cafe computer? A safe routine that avoids signing in, leaves nothing behind and keeps private text private. How to send links and text to a smart TV Typing long links, addresses and codes with a TV remote is painful. Use a short code from your phone instead. Steps, tips and what to do when the TV browser is limited. How to share a Wi-Fi password safely The easiest and safest ways to share a Wi-Fi password with guests, family or your own devices, including how to send it without leaving it lying around.
How LLM API pricing works Understand per-token pricing for AI APIs: input vs output prices, context windows, chat history growth and hidden costs, with worked examples and a formula. How many tokens is a word, a page or a book? Quick conversions between words, characters and tokens, with measured examples for prose, code, JSON and URLs, and what common context window sizes hold. How to reduce token usage Practical ways to use fewer tokens in prompts and replies, with measured savings: shorter instructions, CSV instead of JSON, trimmed history, capped output and more. How tokenizers work A plain-English explanation of how language-model tokenizers split text into tokens with byte-pair encoding, with real examples and token ids from OpenAI's tokenizers. Tokens in different languages We measured the same sentence in 11 languages with two OpenAI tokenizers. See why some scripts use up to four times as many tokens and how to plan for it.